Magnetic Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Dental and Oral Diseases: A Brief Review of Their Use as Drug Carriers

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted significant interest in the field of drug delivery, due to their unique physicochemical properties and ability to act at the molecular and cellular levels. Another property of magnetic nanoparticles that has contributed to their popularity is their ability to target specific cells, reducing the systemic toxicity of the compound. In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic forces have been used in dentistry to deliver drugs for the prevention and treatment of dental diseases. Magnetic nanoparticle-based therapies are highly effective against bacterial and fungal pathogens that are resistant to conventional antibiotic therapy. In the field of cosmetic dentistry, magnetic nanoparticles have contributed to improving the transparency and corrosion resistance of dental materials. The use of magnetic nanoparticles in various dental drug delivery systems has also contributed to reducing the incidence of dental caries and dental diseases in the fields of root canal and periodontal treatment. The addition of magnetic nanoparticles to dental filling materials and adhesives has helped prevent the formation of biofilms. In this chapter, the applications of magnetic nanoparticles in dentistry are summarized with emphasis on their biocompatibility and safety.